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The Metabolic Flux Tracing of Carbohydrate in Drosophila Larval Fat Tissue   

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摘要:用稳定同位素标记的初始物处理活的生物组织,观测不同时间点下游代谢物的被标记比例可以反映该组织的代谢速率。现以全碳标记的葡萄糖处理果蝇幼虫脂肪组织为例,描述如何检测果蝇组织糖类代谢速率 (Ding等, 2018)。

关键词: 同位素, 葡萄糖, 代谢速率, 果蝇, 脂肪组织

材料与试剂

  1. 1.5 ml离心管
  2. 移液器配套枪头
  3. 9孔康宁玻璃板
  4. 果蝇三龄幼虫
  5. 双蒸水
  6. 75 mM碳酸铵 (pH 7.4)
  7. 葡萄糖 (达到分析纯即可)
  8. U-13C标记葡萄糖 (CLM-1396-1, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories)
  9. 液氮
  10. 基础溶液:Schneider's Medium去掉葡萄糖和海藻糖 (见溶液配方)
    1)
    Disodium hydrogen phosphate 磷酸氢二钠
    2)
    Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate 七水硫酸镁
    3)
    Potassium chloride 氯化钾
    4)
    Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢钾
    5)
    Sodium chloride 氯化钠
    6)
    Glycine 甘氨酸
    7)
    L-Arginine hydrochloride L-精氨酸盐酸盐
    8)
    L-Aspartic acid L-天门冬氨酸
    9)
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐
    10)
    L-Cystine dihydrochloride L-胱氨酸盐酸盐
    11)
    L-Glutamic acid L-谷氨酸
    12)
    L-Glutamine L-谷氨酰胺
    13)
    L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate L-一水组氨酸盐酸盐
    14)
    L-Isoleucine L-异亮氨酸
    15)
    L-Leucine L-亮氨酸
    16)
    L-Lysine hydrochloride L-赖氨酸盐酸盐
    17)
    L-Methionine L-甲硫氨酸
    18)
    L-Phenylalanine L-苯丙氨酸
    19)
    L-Proline L-脯氨酸
    20)
    L-Serine L-丝氨酸
    21)
    L-Threonine L-苏氨酸
    22)
    L-Tryptophan L-色氨酸
    23)
    L-Tyrosine disodium salt L-酪氨酸磷酸氢二钠盐
    24)
    L-Valine L-缬氨酸
    25)
    β-Alanine β-丙氨酸
    26)
    α-Ketoglutaric acid α-酮戊二酸
    27)
    Fumaric acid 延胡索酸
    28)
    L-Malic acid L-苹果酸
    29)
    Succinic acid 琥珀酸
    30)
    Yeast extract 酵母提取物

仪器设备

  1. 移液器
  2. -80 °C冰箱
  3. UltiMate 3000液相色谱仪 (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
  4. Orbitrap质谱仪 (Q Exactive, Thermo Fisher Scientific)
  5. ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 1.8 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm柱子

实验步骤

  1. 基础溶液中,未标记培养基中按4,000 mg/L的浓度添加葡萄糖,标记培养基中按相同浓度添加U-13C标记的葡萄糖。
  2. 对于每个检测点,15只三龄幼虫 (雌雄随机) 的脂肪体被解剖出来并置于未标记培养基中 (9孔康宁玻璃板) 平衡15分钟,然后快速转移至标记培养基中孵育指定的时间。可以按每10分钟设置一个时间点,具体时间点设置视实验设计要求而定。
  3. 培养后的组织用移液器移除培养基,并用75 mM碳酸铵快速洗两次,保证每次洗液没过组织即可,置于含200 μl双蒸水的1.5 ml离心管中。在液氮中冷淬并于-80 °C保存待检测,尽可能缩短保存的时间。
  4. 提取出来的代谢物组分由一级质谱平台分析 (Lam等, 2016; Li等, 2017)。层析分离用反相ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 1.8 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm柱子在超高效液相色谱仪 (UltiMate 3000; Thermo Fisher Scientific) 上完成。
  5. 质谱分析由配备有电喷雾离子源的Orbitrap质谱仪 (Q Exactive, Thermo Fisher Scientific) 完成。

溶液配方

  1. 基础溶液 (以下组分均要求以分析纯级别商品配制)

    1 L终体积下加入5.3 ml 7.5%碳酸氢钠溶液,用NaOH调pH至9.2 ± 0.2,再用HCl调pH至6.7 ± 0.2

参考文献

  1. Ding, L., Yang, X., Tian, H., Liang, J., Zhang, F., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Ding, M., Shui, G. and Huang, X. (2018). Seipin regulates lipid homeostasis by ensuring calcium-dependent mitochondrial metabolism. EMBO J 37(17).
  2. Lam, S. M., Chua, G. H., Li, X. J., Su, B. and Shui, G. (2016). Biological relevance of fatty acyl heterogeneity to the neural membrane dynamics of rhesus macaques during normative aging. Oncotarget 7(35): 55970-55989.
  3. Li, X., Chung, A. C. K., Li, S., Wu, L., Xu, J., Yu, J., Wong, C. and Cai, Z. (2017). LC-MS-based metabolomics revealed SLC25A22 as an essential regulator of aspartate-derived amino acids and polyamines in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 8(60): 101333-101344.
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Copyright: © 2019 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.
引用格式:丁隆, 黄勋. (2019). 果蝇幼虫脂肪组织糖类代谢流示踪. Bio-101: e1010281. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010281.
How to cite: Ding, L. and Huang, X. (2019). The Metabolic Flux Tracing of Carbohydrate in Drosophila Larval Fat Tissue. Bio-101: e1010281. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010281.
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