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Fertilized Oocyte Injection   

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摘要: 将RNA或者DNA注射入受精卵,对受精卵基因组进行基因修饰后再移植代孕受体,可获得基因修饰的个体。

关键词: 受精卵注射, 基因修饰

材料与试剂

  1. 四孔板(NUNC),
  2. 1.0 mm × 0.6 mm玻璃管(WPI)
  3. 1.0 ×0.8 mm玻璃管(WPI)
  4. 2.5 × 2.0 mm玻璃管(WPI)
  5. TCM-199(Gibco,catalog number: 11150-059)
  6. NaHCO3(Sigma,catalog number: S4019)
  7. Hepes(Sigma,catalog number: H3784)
  8. Penicillin(Sigma,catalog number: P3032)
  9. Streptomycin(Sigma,catalog number: S1277) 
  10. NaCl(Sigma,catalog number: S5886)
  11. H2O(Sigma,catalog number: W-1503)
  12. KCl(Sigma,catalog number: P-4504)
  13. KH2PO4(Sigma,catalog number: P-5655)
  14. MgSO4·7H2O(Sigma,catalog number: M-1880)
  15. Na-Pyruvate(Sigma,catalog number: 4562)
  16. Ca.(Lactate)2·5H2O(Fisher,catalog number: C110-500)
  17. L-Glutamine(Sigma,catalog number: G-7029)
  18. Hypotaurine(Sigma,catalog number: BH-1384)
  19. NEAA(Sigma,catalog number: M7145)
  20. EAA(Sigma,catalog number: B-6766)
  21. Gentamicin (Gibco,catalog number: 15710-064)
  22. BSA(Sigma,catalog number: A8022)

仪器设备

  1. CO2培养箱(THERMO-3111)
  2. 超净工作台(瑞智净化)
  3. 倒置显微镜(OLYMPUS-IX51)
  4. 体式显微镜(NIKON-SMZ645)
  5. 显微镜加热台(THERMO)
  6. 显微操作系统(NIKON-NT-88-V3)
  7. 拉针仪(日本成茂)
  8. 天子天平(赛多利斯- BS224S)
  9. PH计(赛多利斯-PB-10)
  10. 磁力搅拌器(科迪- DJ-1A)
  11. 冰点渗透压仪(GONOTEC)
  12. -20 °C冰箱(海尔)
  13. -80 °C冰箱(THERMO)
  14. 移液枪(EPPENDORF)
  15. 电动移液器(THERMO)
  16. 离心机(中科科仪-SC-3610)

实验步骤

  1. 将取冲得到的受精卵在操作液中洗 3 次,放入操作液备用。
  2. 在60 mm皿的皿盖中央区域做几个去核操作液液滴,并用石蜡油覆盖,用于胞质注射。
  3.  将制备好的的RNA 从-80 °C取出,使用 DEPC 水将 RNA 分别稀释成合适浓度,如CRIRSPR/CAS9系统进行基因敲除,Cas9 浓度为200ng/μl和 sgRNA浓度为20 ng/μl。
  4. 用无RNA 酶的枪头将RNA注入注射针中,将固定针和注射针安装到显微操作仪上,将40-60 个受精卵移入操作滴中。用固定针吸住受精卵,将极体调整到6或者12点钟方向。注射针穿破透明带和质膜进入胞质,将RNA注射入胞质,用注射泵对每个胚胎注 2-10 pl 的RNA,注射后受精卵有明显臌胀。若注射物为DNA则将DNA注射入雄原核。
  5. 注射完的受精卵在胚胎培养液中洗 3 次放入 38.5 °C、5%CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中培养。
  6. 发育到囊胚后,收集胚胎,对目的基因进行鉴定。

结果与分析

受精卵注射后,发育到囊胚后对基因修饰效果进行鉴定。CRISPR/Cas9系统进行基因打靶,依据基因和位点的不同,基因修饰效率在10%-100%不等。

失败经验

  1. 注射DNA或者RNA的浓度会影响胚胎发育。通过设置浓度梯度,对浓度进行优化,筛选出既不影响胚胎发育又可以对受精卵基因组进行有效修饰的浓度。
  2. DNA和RNA需要瞬时离心以去除杂质,避免注射时堵塞注射针。

溶液配方

  1. 胚胎操作液
    9.500 g TCM-199(Gibco,11150-059)
    0.050 g NaHCO3 (Sigma,S4019)
    0.750 g Hepes (Sigma,H3784)
    0.050 g Penicillin(Sigma,P3032)
    0.060 g Streptomycin(Sigma,S1277)
    1.755 g NaCl(Sigma,S5886)
    3.00 g BSA (Sigma, A8022)
    1000 mL Milli Q H2O,溶解后调节PH为7.2-7.4溶解后调节PH为7.2-7.4,渗透压为295-310 mOsm。
  2. 胚胎培养液
    PZM-3:
    108.00 mM NaCl(Sigma,S-5886)
    10 mM KCl(Sigma,P-4504)
    0.35 mM KH2PO4(Sigma,P-5655)
    0.40 mM MgSO4·7H2O(Sigma,M-1880)
    25.07 mM NaHCO3(Sigma,S-8875)
    0.2 mM Na-Pyruvate(Sigma,4562)
    2.0 mM Ca.(Lactate)2·5H2O(Fisher,C110-500)
    1.0 mM L-Glutamine(Sigma,G-7029)
    5.0 mM Hypotaurine(Sigma,H-1384)
    10 ml/L NEAA(Sigma,M7145)
    20 mg/mL EAA(Sigma,B-6766)
    0.05 mg/mL Gentamicin (Gibco,15710-064)
    3 mg/ml BSA(Sigma,A8022)

致谢

  1. 感谢国家重点研发计划“干细胞与转化研究”专项提供经费支持。
  2. 已发表的使用本实验方案的文章“Highly Efficient Generation of GGTA1 Biallelic Knockout Inbred Mini-Pigs with TALENs”

参考文献

  1. Wang, Y., Fan, N., Song, J., Zhong, J., Guo, X., Tian, W., Zhang, Q., Cui, F., Li, L., Newsome, P. N., Frampton, J., Esteban, M. A. and Lai, L. (2014). Generation of knockout rabbits using transcription activator-like effector nucleases. Cell Regen 3(1): 3.
  2. Yan, Q., Zhang, Q., Yang, H., Zou, Q., Tang, C., Fan, N. and Lai, L. (2014). Generation of multi-gene knockout rabbits using the Cas9/gRNA system. Cell Regen 3(1): 12.
  3. Wang, X., Cao, C., Huang, J., Yao, J., Hai, T., Zheng, Q., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Qin, G., Cheng, J., Wang, Y., Yuan, Z., Zhou, Q., Wang, H. and Zhao, J. (2016). One-step generation of triple gene-targeted pigs using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Sci Rep 6: 20620.
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Copyright: © 2022 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.
引用格式:樊娜娜, 欧阳振, 王教伟, 张全军, 赖良学. (2022). 受精卵RNA或DNA显微注射. // 实验动物胚胎操作实验手册. Bio-101: e1010965. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010965.
How to cite: Pan, N. N., Ou, Y. Z., Wang, J. W., Zhang, Q. J. and Lan, L. X. (2022). Fertilized Oocyte Injection. // Embryo Manipulation Manual of Laboratory Animals. Bio-101: e1010965. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010965.
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