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A Rapid Method for Rice DNA Extraction   

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实验原理:CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵),是一种阳离子去污剂,可溶解细胞膜,并与核酸形成复合物。该复合物在高盐溶液中 (>0.7 mol/L NaCl) 可溶,并可稳定存在。通过有机溶剂抽提,去除蛋白、多糖、酚类等杂质后加入乙醇沉淀即可使核酸分离出来。
实验目的:快速提取植物基因组DNA,可用于PCR检测,对转基因植株进行初步分子鉴定。

关键词: CTAB, DNA小样抽提, PCR

材料与试剂

  1. 1.5 ml (或2 ml) 离心管
  2. 水稻叶片
  3. CTAB (Bio Basic INC., catalog number: GB0308 BJ0011J)
  4. Tris (进口分装)
  5. 浓盐酸 (中平能化集团开封东大化工有限公司试剂厂)
  6. NaCl (国药集团有限公司,分析纯)
  7. EDTA
  8. 氯仿 (国药,分析纯)
  9. 异戊醇 (国药,分析纯)
  10. 95%乙醇 (国药,分析纯)
  11. 1.5x CTAB配方 (见溶液配方)

仪器设备

  1. 离心机 (Sigma, Beckman)

实验步骤

  1. 取约2 cm长的水稻叶片置于1.5 ml (或2 ml) 离心管中。
  2. 在研钵中加入800 μl 1.5x CTAB,研磨叶片至匀浆并倒回离心管内。
  3. 65 °C水浴 20-30 min,每5 min中颠倒混匀一次。
  4. 用玻璃滴管加入等体积的氯仿/异戊醇(24:1),上下颠倒混匀,持续10 min。
  5. 10,000 rpm离心10 min。
  6. 用移液器吸取400 μl上清液至新的离心管,加入2倍体积经冰镇的95%乙醇,-20 °C放置20 min。
  7. 12,000 rpm离心15 min。
  8. 弃上清,加入500 μl 75%乙醇,12,000 rpm离心5 min。
  9. 弃上清,置于超净台吹干或自然晾干后,加100 μl ddH2O溶解。

注意事项

  1. 水浴颠倒混匀时,注意确认离心管盖是否盖好,避免颠倒时样品泄漏。
  2. 水浴后开离心管盖子时一定要逐个完全打开,以避免样品间出现交叉污染。
  3. 用滴管加24:1的氯仿/异戊醇时,由于氯仿具有很强的去除蛋白能力和腐蚀性,可以适当的少加一些(少于样品的体积),一方面减少氯仿使用量(既节省试剂又环保),另外避免下一步离心过程中导致离心管破裂(尤其是1.5 ml离心管)。
  4. 吸取上清时注意不要吸到固体残渣或氯仿。
  5. 如果只需要做阳性检测,可以只吸取300 μl上清液,抽提的DNA就足够后续使用,同时可减少乙醇用量。

溶液配方

  1. 1.5x CTAB缓冲液配方
    CTAB
    15 g
    1 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.0)
    75 ml
    0.5 M EDTA (pH 8.0)
    30 ml
    NaCl
    61.4 g
    加 ddH2O至
    1,000 ml
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Copyright: © 2018 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.
引用格式:凌飞, 吴昊, 林拥军, 陈浩. (2018). 水稻DNA小样抽提. Bio-101: e1010101. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010101.
How to cite: Ling, F., Wu, H., Lin, Y. J. and Chen, H. (2018). A Rapid Method for Rice DNA Extraction. Bio-101: e1010101. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010101.
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