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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Propagation, Titration and Single-step Growth Curves

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Adoptive Transfer of Basophils Enriched from Mouse Spleen

Authors: Adrian M. Piliponsky and Stephen J. Galli, date: 11/05/2019, view: 245, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] CD49b is a member of the integrin family, expressed on basophils, natural killer (NK) cells and a subset CD4⁺ T cells in the spleen. This protocol describes the adoptive transfer of basophil-enriched CD49b⁺ cells obtained from mouse spleens by magnetic enrichment. This protocol can be used to assess the contribution of ...

Visualizing Hypoxia in a Murine Model of Candida albicans Infection Using in vivo Biofluorencence

Authors: José Pedro Lopes and Constantin F. Urban, date: 08/05/2019, view: 655, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Candida albicans is a leading human fungal pathogen that uses several metabolic adaptations to escape immune cells and causes systemic disease. Here, we describe a protocol for measuring one of these adaptations, the ability to thrive in hypoxic niches. Hypoxia was generated after successful subdermal infection with C. albicans ...

Precision Technique for Splenectomy Limits Mouse Stress Responses for Accurate and Realistic Measurements for Investigating Inflammation and Immunity

Authors: Shengwen Calvin Li, Anthony D. Rangel and Mustafa H. Kabeer, date: 08/05/2019, view: 671, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Splenectomy in an animal model requires a standardized technique utilizing best practice to avoid variability which can result in adverse impact to the animal resulting in flawed physiologic responses simply due to technique rather than to the studied variables. In the case of the spleen, often investigators are analyzing the animal immune or ...

Morphological Evaluation of Wound Healing Events in the Excisional Wound Healing Model in Rats

Authors: Lígia Reis de Moura Estevão, Puebla Cassini-Vieira, Ana Greice Borba Leite, Apolônia Agnes Vilar de Carvalho Bulhões, Lucíola da Silva Barcelos and Joaquim Evêncio-Neto, date: 07/05/2019, view: 1123, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Skin wound healing is a complex process involving different events such as blood coagulation, inflammation, new blood vessels formation, and extracellular matrix deposition. These events can be observed by using histology techniques. However, the lack of the standardization of such parameters impacts on the reproducibility of results. Here, we ...

Detection of Antigen-specific T cells in Spleens of Vaccinated Mice Applying ³[H]-Thymidine Incorporation Assay and Luminex Multiple Cytokine Analysis Technology

Authors: Maria Agallou and Evdokia Karagouni, date: 06/05/2019, view: 1273, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] For many infectious diseases T cells are an important part of naturally acquired protective immune responses, and inducing these by vaccination has been the aim of much research. Here, we describe a protocol for the analysis of vaccine-induced antigen-specific immune responses. For this purpose, cells of whole spleens obtained from vaccinated ...

Hypochlorous Acid Staining with R19-S in the Drosophila Intestine upon Ingestion of Opportunistic Bacteria

Authors: Salma Hachfi, Olivia Benguettat and Armel Gallet, date: 05/20/2019, view: 1153, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The intestine is endowed with an innate immune system that is required to fight any exogenous bacteria that are swallowed along with the food. The first line of defense that is mounted by the gut epithelium is the release of immune Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl), into the lumen. HOCl is produced within 1.5 h of ...

Early Life Ovalbumin Sensitization and Aerosol Challenge for the Induction of Allergic Airway Inflammation in a BALB/c Murine Model

Authors: Kyle T Mincham, Naomi M Scott, Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset, Jonatan Leffler, Philip A Stumbles, Patrick G Holt and Deborah H Strickland, date: 03/05/2019, view: 1351, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The early life period represents a time of immunological plasticity whereby the functionally immature immune system is highly susceptible to environmental stimulation. Perennial aeroallergen and respiratory viral infection induced sporadic episodes of lung inflammation during this temporal window represent major risk factors for initiation of ...

Induction and Analysis of Anti-CD40-induced Colitis in Mice

Authors: Barbara Joyce-Shaikh, Daniel J. Cua and David Bauché, date: 02/05/2019, view: 2528, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Colon inflammation or colitis affects more than 1 million people worldwide. Several pre-clinical models, including chemical-induced (i.e., DSS, TNBS) or pathogen-induced (i.e., Citrobacter rodentium) have been used to study mechanisms involved in the development and regulation of colitis. Anti-CD40 induced colitis model ...

Adoptive Transfer of Monocytes Sorted from Bone Marrow

Authors: Damya Laoui, Eva Van Overmeire, Chloé Abels, Jiri Keirsse and Jo A Van Ginderachter, date: 01/05/2019, view: 2066, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Inflammatory Ly6C^hi monocytes can give rise to distinct mononuclear myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSC), immature macrophages, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), M1-like TAMs or monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). This protocol describes a method to ...

Use of Gas Chromatography to Quantify Short Chain Fatty Acids in the Serum, Colonic Luminal Content and Feces of Mice

Authors: Willian Rodrigues Ribeiro, Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, Leandro Augusto Calixto and Caroline Marcantonio Ferreira, date: 11/20/2018, view: 4585, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) are a product of the fermentation of resistant starches and dietary fibers by the gut microbiota. The most important SCFA are acetate (C2), propionate (C3) and butyrate (C4). These metabolites are formed and absorbed in the colon and then transported through the hepatic vein to the liver. SCFAs are more concentrated ...

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