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Assessment of Diadenylate Cyclase and c-di-AMP-phosphodiesterase Activities Using Thin-layer and Ion Exchange Chromatography

Authors: Andreas Latoscha, David Jan Drexler, Gregor Witte and Natalia Tschowri, date: 01/05/2021, view: 359, Q&A: 0

[Abstract]

All living cells use cyclic nucleotides as second messengers for signal sensing and transduction. Cyclic di-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is primarily involved in the control of bacterial and euryarcheal osmoadaptation and is produced by diadenylate cyclases from two molecules of ATP. Specific phosphodiesterases hydrolyze

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Non-radioactive Assay to Determine Product Profile of Short-chain Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases

Authors: Avanish Rai and Dinesh A. Nagegowda, date: 01/05/2021, view: 357, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Isoprenoids represent the largest class of metabolites with amazing diversities in structure and function. They are involved in protecting plants against pathogens or herbivores or involved in attracting pollinators. Isoprenoids are derived from geranyl diphosphate (GPP; C₁₀), farnesyl diphosphate (FPP; C₁₅), geranylgeranyl ...

The ATPase Activity of Escherichia coli Expressed AAA⁺-ATPase Protein

Authors: Amita Kaundal, Vemanna S. Ramu and Kirankumar S. Mysore, date: 08/05/2020, view: 1113, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] ATPases are the enzymes that breakdown ATP to ADP and release inorganic phosphate (Pi). Here we provide a detailed protocol to determine the ATPase activity of a recombinant AAA⁺-ATPase protein (GENERAL CONTROL NON-REPRESSIBLE-4 [GCN4]) by spectrophotometric absorption at 360 nm to measure the accumulated inorganic phosphate. In ...

Quantification of Protein Kinase A (PKA) Activity by An in vitro Radioactive Assay Using the Mouse Sperm Derived Enzyme

Authors: Cintia Stival, Carolina Baro Graf, Pablo E. Visconti and Dario Krapf, date: 06/20/2020, view: 1381, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] In order to acquire fertilizing potential, mammalian sperm must undergo a process known as capacitation, which relies on the early activation of Protein Kinase A (PKA). Frequently, PKA activity is assessed in whole-cell experiments by analyzing the phosphorylation status of its substrates in a western-blot. This technique ...

Preparation of HeLa Total Membranes and Assay of Lipid-inhibition of Serine Palmitoyltransferase Activity

Authors: Muthukumar Kannan, Deanna L. Davis, John Suemitsu, Christopher D. Oltorik and Binks Wattenberg, date: 06/20/2020, view: 1113, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Serine palmitoyltranferase (SPT) is a pyridoxal 5′ phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. SPT activity is homeostatically regulated in response to increased levels of sphingolipids. This homeostatic regulation of SPT is mediated through small ER membrane ...

A Sensitive Coupled Enzyme Assay for Measuring Kinase and ATPase Kinetics Using ADP-Specific Hexokinase

Authors: Ciaran R. McFarlane and James W. Murray, date: 05/05/2020, view: 1741, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Kinases and ATPases perform essential biological functions in metabolism and regulation. Activity of these enzymes is commonly measured by coupling ATP consumption to the synthesis of a detectable product. For most assay systems the ATP concentration during the reaction is unknown, compromising the precision of the assay.

Using the ...

Colorimetric RhoB GTPase Activity Assay

Authors: Kossay Zaoui and Stephanie Duhamel, date: 05/05/2020, view: 1803, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The Ras homologous protein (Rho) GTPase subfamily, including RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC are small molecules (~21 kDa) that act as molecular switches in a wide range of signaling pathways to orchestrate biological processes associated with both physiological and tumorigenic cellular states. The Rho GTPases are crucial regulators of actin cytoskeleton ...

In vivo Quantification of Alkanes in Escherichia coli

Authors: Tabinda Shakeel, Zia Fatma and Syed Shams Yazdani, date: 04/20/2020, view: 1556, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Microbial production of alkanes employing synthetic biology tools has gained tremendous attention owing to the high energy density and similarity of alkanes to existing petroleum fuels. One of the most commonly studied pathways includes the production of alkanes by AAR (acyl-ACP (acyl carrier protein) reductase)-ADO (aldehyde deformylating ...

An in vitro Assay to Screen for Substrates of PKA Using Phospho-motif-specific Antibodies

Authors: David M. Gau and Partha Roy, date: 04/20/2020, view: 1267, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Kinases function as regulators of many cellular processes such as cell migration. These enzymes typically phosphorylate target motif sequences. Mass spec or phospho-specific antibody detection can be used to determine whether a kinase can phosphorylate proteins of interest, however, mass spec can be expensive and phospho-antibodies for the protein ...

Spectrophotometric Assessment of Heme Oxygenase-1 Activity in Leishmania-infected Macrophages

Authors: Moumita Basu, Shriya Saha and Anindita Ukil, date: 04/05/2020, view: 1416, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress responsive enzyme that metabolizes heme and releases free iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BV), which rapidly undergoes conversion to bilirubin (BL). Estimation of bilirubin is the basis of HO-1 assay. HO-1 activity is widely employed to determine antioxidant response of cells under different ...

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