Live Cell Imaging of Male Meiosis in Arabidopsis by a Landmark-based System
[Abstract] Live cell imaging has tremendously promoted our understanding of cellular and subcellular processes such as cell division. Here, we present a step-by-step protocol for a robust and easy-to-use live cell imaging approach to study male meiosis in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana as recently established. Our method relies on the concomitant ...
Lipid Mixing Assay for Murine Myoblast Fusion and Other Slow Cell-cell Fusion Processes
[Abstract] Lipid mixing (redistribution of lipid probes between fusing membranes) has been widely used to study early stages of relatively fast viral and intracellular fusion processes that take seconds to minutes. Lipid mixing assays are especially important for identification of hemifusion intermediates operationally defined as lipid mixing without content ...
Quantification of Protein Enrichment at Plasmodesmata
[Abstract] Intercellular communication plays a crucial role in the establishment of multicellular organisms by organizing and coordinating growth, development and defence responses. In plants, cell-to-cell communication takes place through nanometric membrane channels called plasmodesmata (PD). Understanding how PD dictate cellular connectivity greatly ...
Analysis of EGF Receptor Endocytosis Using Fluorogen Activating Protein Tagged Receptor
[Abstract] Functional activities of many transmembrane proteins are controlled by their endocytosis. One of the most studied experimental models is the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR). However, endocytic trafficking of EGFR has been predominantly analyzed using labeled EGF, whereas quantitative analyses of the endocytosis of the receptor itself ...