TY  - JOUR
TI  - 13C Tracer Studies of Metabolism in Mouse Tumor Xenografts
AU  - Lane, Andrew N.
AU  - Yan, Jun 
AU  - Fan, Teresa W-M.
VL  - 5
IS  - 22
PY  - 2015
DA  - 2015/11/20
SP  - e1650
C1  - Bio-protocol 2015;5:e1650
DO  - 10.21769/BioProtoc.1650
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1650
AB  - Mice are widely used for human tumor xenograft studies of cancer development and drug efficacy and toxicity. Stable isotope tracing coupled with metabolomic analysis is an emerging approach for assaying metabolic network activity. In mouse models there are several routes of tracer introduction, which have particular advantages and disadvantages that depend on the model and the questions addressed. This protocol describes the bolus i.v. route via repeated tail vein injections of solutions of stable isotope enriched tracers including 13C6-glucose and 13C5,15N2-glutamine. Repeated injections give higher enrichments and over longer labeling periods than a single bolus. Multiple injections of glutamine are necessary to achieve adequate enrichment in engrafted tumors.
KW  - SIRM
KW  - Mouse PDX model
KW  - NOD/SCID/Gamma mouse
KW  - Isotopomer distribution analysis
JF  - Bio-protocol
SN  - 2331-8325
PB  - Bio-protocol LLC.
BIO101  - False