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About Us
For Authors
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Volume 11, 2021
Volume 10, 2020
Volume 9, 2019
Volume 8, 2018
Volume 7, 2017
Volume 6, 2016
Volume 5, 2015
Volume 4, 2014
Volume 3, 2013
Volume 2, 2012
Volume 1, 2011
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Cancer Biology
Mouse Mammary Intraductal (MIND) Method for Transplantation of Patient Derived Primary DCIS Cells and Cell Lines
Authors:
Frances Kittrell
,
Kelli Valdez
,
Hanan Elsarraj
,
Yan Hong
,
Daniel Medina
and
Fariba Behbod
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
7676,
Q&A:
0
The MIND method involves intraductal injection of patient derived ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cells and DCIS cell lines (MCF10DCIS.COM and SUM225) inside the mouse mammary ducts [Video 1 and Figure 1 in Behbod
et al.
(2009)]. This method mimics the normal environment of DCIS and facilitates study of the natural progression of human ...
More >>
Laser Microirradiation and Temporal Analysis of XRCC1 Recruitment to Single-strand DNA Breaks
Authors:
Anna Campalans
and
J. Pablo Radicella
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
6803,
Q&A:
0
The DNA molecule is exposed to a multitude of damaging agents that can compromise its integrity: single (SSB) and double strand breaks (DSB), intra- or inter-strand crosslinks, base loss or modification,
etc.
Many different DNA repair pathways coexist in the cell to ensure the stability of the DNA molecule. The nature of the DNA lesion ...
More >>
Quantification of Rae-1 Staining Intensity in Glomeruli
Authors:
Roberto Spada
and
Domingo F. Barber
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
5391,
Q&A:
0
NKG2D is expressed on all NK cells and on subsets of NKT, CD8, CD4 and γδ T cells. NKG2D is activated by NKG2D ligands, a stress-induced family of MHC-I-like proteins. These ligands are upregulated on stressed/infected cells and are not widely expressed on healthy adult tissue. NKG2D ligands have been widely studied as potential targets for ...
More >>
Immunology
Analysis of T Cell Proliferating and Polarizing Potential of Murine Dendritic Cells in Allogeneic-mixed Leukocyte Reaction
Authors:
Pawan Kumar
and
Sangeeta Bhaskar
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
8224,
Q&A:
0
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in mounting the T cell response against different infectious agents. Nature and intensity of the induced T cell responses are defined by activation status of DCs. It is generally accepted that IL-12, IL-4/IL-5 and IL-23 producing DCs induce T
H
1, T
H
2 and T
H
17 type of immune ...
More >>
Microbiology
Displacement-based ELISA: Quantifying Competition between Two Binding Partners for Interaction with a His-tagged Ligand Immobilized on a Ni
2+
-NTA Plate
Authors:
Allexa Dow
and
Sladjana Prisic
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
7351,
Q&A:
0
The displacement assay was designed to quantify the direct competition between two homologous ribosomal proteins from
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, S18-1 and S18-2, for interaction with their cognate binding partner, ribosomal protein S6 (Prisic
et al.
, 2015). The S18 proteins were dialyzed in two physiologically relevant ...
More >>
Campylobacter jejuni
γ-glutamyltranspeptidase Activity Assay
Authors:
Anne-Xander van der Stel
and
Marc M. S. M. Wösten
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
5894,
Q&A:
0
The enzyme γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) is highly conserved among eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms (Heisterkamp
et al.
, 2008) and has a key function in glutathione metabolism. Although the enzyme is highly conserved and found throughout organisms ranging from bacteria to plants and animals several major difference ...
More >>
Isolation of Genomic DNA from
Mycobacterium
Species
Authors:
Pawan Kumar
,
Soumitra Marathe
and
Sangeeta Bhaskar
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
13032,
Q&A:
1
Isolation of genomic DNA from
Mycobacterium
species has been a tedious procedure. This can primarily be attributed to thick and waxy cell wall of mycobacteria which hampers lysis of the bacterial cell. We have tested various approaches to isolate mycobacterial DNA and based on this, an optimized protocol is presented here. This protocol ...
More >>
Testing the Effect of UV Radiation on the Survival of
Burkholderia glumae
Authors:
Hari Sharan Karki
and
Jong Hyun Ham
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
7841,
Q&A:
0
Burkholderia glumae
(
B. glumae
) is becoming a serious threat in the major rice producing areas of the world. It was reported that
Burkholderia
spp., including
B. glumae
, are adapted to a wide range of ecological niches. Different bacterial strains show different levels of UV tolerance which may be due to the ...
More >>
Molecular Biology
Actin Retrograde Flow in Permeabilized Cells: Myosin-II Driven Centripetal Movement of Transverse Arcs
Authors:
Yee Han Tee
and
Alexander D. Bershadsky
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
6670,
Q&A:
0
Numerous biological functions such as cytokinesis, changes in cell shape and cell migration require actomyosin-driven cellular contractility. However, the detailed mechanism of how contractile forces drive cellular processes are difficult to decipher due to the complexity of the intracellular environment. In particular, the mesoscopic description ...
More >>
Neuroscience
A Novel Task for Studying Memory of Occasional Events in Rats
Authors:
Marina Allerborn
,
Alexandra Gros
,
Belkacem Messaoudi
,
Damien Gervasoni
,
Samuel Garcia
,
Marc Thevenet
,
Serge Laroche
,
Alexandra Veyrac
and
Nadine Ravel
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
6621,
Q&A:
0
Episodic memory has been defined in humans as the conscious recollection of unique personal past experiences often occurring singly during daily life, including remembrance of what happened, where and when it happened (Tulving, 1972). Here, we propose and describe in details a novel protocol we recently used to test the ability of rats to form and ...
More >>
Plant Science
Measurement of
33
P-PO
4
Absorption Capacity and Root-to-leaf Transfer in
Arabidopsis
Authors:
Marie-Christine Thibaud
and
Elena Marin
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
5666,
Q&A:
0
This method allows quantification of phosphate absorption capacity by
Arabidopsis
roots using very simple equipment, and can be scaled up or down.
More >>
Measurement of
33
P-PO
4
Absorption Kinetic Constants in
Arabidopsis
Authors:
Elena Marin
and
Marie-Christine Thibaud
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
5640,
Q&A:
0
Based on the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model (Hofstee, 1952), this method allows calculation of the kinetic parameters (V
max
, K
m
) of phosphate uptake by
Arabidopsis
roots. This method is based on the quantification of phosphate uptake by
Arabidopsis
roots as described in Thibaud and Marin (2016), except that ...
More >>
Immunogold Labeling Analysis of Cell Wall Polysaccharides with Special Reference to (1;3,1;4)-β-D-glucan in Rice Cell Walls
Authors:
Ryusuke Yokoyama
,
Natsumi Kido
,
Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
,
Jun Furukawa
,
Hiroaki Iwai
,
Shinobu Satoh
and
Kazuhiko Nishitani
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
7193,
Q&A:
0
Various types of cell wall compositions have evolved to fulfill a wide range of biological roles during the diversification of land plants. (1;3,1;4)-β-D-glucan (MLG) is a defining feature of the cell walls in the order Poales (Yokoyama and Nishitani, 2004), which has multiple functions associated with metabolic, growth, and defense systems. MLG ...
More >>
Experimental Design to Determine Drought Stress Response and Early Leaf Senescence in Barley (
Hordeum vulgare
L.)
Authors:
Gwendolin Wehner
,
Christiane Balko
and
Frank Ordon
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
13168,
Q&A:
1
Premature leaf senescence induced by drought stress is a main factor for yield losses in barley. Research in drought stress tolerance has become more important as due to climate change the number of drought periods will increase and tolerance to drought stress has become a goal of high interest in barley breeding. However, reliable screening for ...
More >>
Semi-thin Sectioning, Light and Fluorescence Microscopy of Floral Bud to Study Microspore Development in
Arabidopsis
Authors:
Min-Jung Kim
and
Jungmook Kim
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
7356,
Q&A:
0
Pollen grains are male gametophytes produced within the pollen sacs of the anthers of the flower. Recent genetic studies have revealed several components involved in microspore development (Borg
et al.
, 2009; Berger and Twell, 2011), and yet many components controlling microspore development remain to be identified. Semi-thin sectioning ...
More >>
Shoot Regenerative Capacity Assays in
Arabidopsis
and Tobacco
Authors:
Tian-Qi Zhang
and
Jia-Wei Wang
,
date:
03/05/2016,
view:
8384,
Q&A:
0
Plant regeneration refers to a process through which an explant is differentiated to a whole plant under certain conditions. It has been shown that two plant hormones, auxin and cytokinin, play critical roles within this process (Duclercq
et al.
, 2011). Cytokinin induces shoot regeneration, whereas auxin promotes root production. In ...
More >>
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